The following article is from THE MICHIGAN
RIPARIAN. To subscribers ri/re to this magazine write to Riparian,
11262 Oak Ave. Three Rivers MI 49093. There is much knowledge for only about
$6. 00 per year
THE MICHIGAN CONSTITUTION MANDATES
PROTECTION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
ARTICLE IV,
Section 52. The conservation and
development of the natural resources of the State are hereby declared to be
of paramount public concern in the interest of the hea/th, safety and
general welfare of the people. The Legislature shall provide for the
protection of the air, water and other natural resources of the state from
pollution, impairment and destruction.’
Many acts have been passed since 1963 by
the Michigan Legislature to carry out this mandate from the Constitution.
Among them are, The Michigan Environmental Protection Act, 127 of 1970; Soil
Erosion and Sedimentation Control Act, 347 of 1972; Inland
Lakes and Streams Act, 346 of
1972; Wetland Protection Act, 203 of 1979.
Section 3 of the Wetland Protection Act
identifies some of the benefits of wetland conservation. A loss of a wetland
may deprive the people of the state of some or all of the following
benefits:
(i) Flood and storm control, (ii)
Wildlife habitat, (iii) Protection of subsurface water resources, (iv)
Pollution treatment by serving as a biological and chemical oxidation
basin, (v) Erosion control by serving as a sedimentation area and filtering
basin, absorbing silt and organic matter, (vi) Sources of nutrients in water
food cycles, and nursery grounds and sanctuaries for fish.
An example of the protection of water
resources by wetlands serving as a filter is described in a report by Dr.
William Weidenbacher and Dr. Peter Willenbring which was presented at the
third Annual Conference of the North American Lake Management Society on
October 18-20, 1983, at Knoxville, Tennessee. In their study of Lake
Josephine, a 118 acre lake located in the St. Paul suburb of Roseville,
they measured the concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorous, chlorides and
Secchi depth transparencies of the lake. The study compares the
concentrations of chemicals in the lake during the three years of 1977.79,
when storm runoff flowed directly into the lake, with the concentrations
during the years 198 1-83, after the storm runoff was channeled through a
wetland before entering Lake Josephine.
The study also reported on the
concentrations of chemicals entering the wetland from storm runoff, and
compared those concentrations with the amount measured in the outlet of the
wetland and before it was discharged into Lake Josephine. Their findings are
summarized in the chart which follows: